Another small town, Chennapatnam, lay to the south of it. On 20 August 1639, Francis Day of the East India Company along with Damerla Venkatadri Nayakadu traveled to Chandragiri palace to meet the Vijayanagara King Peda Venkata Raya and to obtain a grant for a small strip of land in the Coromandel Coast from in Chandragiri as a place to build a factory and warehouse for their trading activities. It is dated October - November 1645. To differentiate these non-European and non-Christian area from "White Town", the new settlement was termed "Black Town. These settlers and their families spread throughout India or settled in the cities, with Madras being one of their principal entry points. Angry 13%. It in honor of the later village upon which the British named the entire colony and the combined city Madras. Lastly, while the Fort St. George, White Town, and Black Town areas were fully incorporated together by the late 18th century, and was known as Madras, Chennapatnam was its own separate entity existing under the authority of Fort St. George well into the 19th century. Dhanu. It can be broadly divided into Ancient, Medieval and Modern Tamil Nadu. This period witnessed remarkable development of trade and increase in wealth resulting in the building of many fine houses, mansions, housing developments, an expanded port and city complete with new city walls, and various churches and schools for the British colonists and missionary schools for the local Indian population. The British fought with various European powers, notably the French at Vandavasi (Wandiwash) in 1760, where de Lally was defeated by Sir Eyre Coote, and the Danish at Tharangambadi (Tranquebar). Learn more about the history and characteristics of Chennai in this article. Population of Telugu's and Tamils were more or less the same in those days, however dynamics of Madras city was changed post independence rapidly. The region was then a part of the Vijayanagara Empire, then headquartered at Chandragiri in present-day Andhra Pradesh. The 2004 tsunami lashed the shores of Chennai killing many. It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. Kiriburu is a residential locale in West Singhbhum district and is situated at a height of 4,300ft from man sea level. What’s your reaction? Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is India's fifth largest city. The 1783 version of Fort St George is what still stands today. Occupied by the British for 300 years, Chennai emerged as an energetic metropolis that’s fiercely proud of its Tamil heritage. On this piece of wasteland was founded Fort St. George, a fortified settlement of British merchants, factory workers, and other colonial settlers. Additionally, the pre-city area of Chennai has a long history within the records of South Indian Empires. Chennai History in Tamil 10.0 download - சென்னை நகரத்தில் வந்து குடி ஏறும் மக்களின் எண்ணிக்கை நாளுக்கு நாள் அதிகமாகிக் கொண்டே போகிறது. R S Krishnasamy, better known by his pseudonym Vallikannan, whose centenary is this year, stood for freedom in contemporary Tamil literature. At that time the Coromandel Coast was ruled by Peda Venkata Raya, from the Aravidu Dynasty of Vijayanagara Empire based out of Chandragiri-Vellore. This new grant laid the foundation for the expansion of Madras into its present form. Dhanu is widely believed to have been an LTTE member. They then strengthened and expanded Fort St George over the next thirty years to bear subsequent attacks, the strongest of which came from the French (1759, under Thomas Arthur, Comte de Lally), and later Hyder Ali, the Sultan of Mysore in 1767 during the First Anglo-Mysore War. This was also surrounded by a wall. During the function, Rahul said, “I have specially come here since Tamil culture, language and history is important for the future of India and it needs to be respected by everyone in India. It is one of the twin hill stations along with Meghahatuburu. Part of the fortune that he amassed in Madras as part of the colonial administration became the financial foundation for Yale University. Sign up to receive our newsletter in your inbox every day! Although the British had lost most of their well-populated, industrious, and wealthy North American colonies, after a decade's feud with the French, they were securely in control of Madras and most of the Indian trade. The bank still has its corporate headquarters in the city. Thiruvanmiyur, Thiruvotriyur, and Thirumayilai are mentioned in the Thevarams of the Moovar (of the Nayanmars) while Thiruvallikeni in the Nalayira Divya Prabhandhams (of the Alwars). Thiruvotriyur is a historically important port city, now forms part of north Chennai. He was also an influential Nayak ruler under the Vijayanagara King Peda Venkata Raya then based in Chandragiri-Vellore Fort, was in-charge of the area of present Chennai city when the English East India Company arrived to establish a factory in the area.[2][3]. Merchandise Flow Team Member, Lead, Bioprocess Development, Registered Nurse and more! After India became independent in 1947, the city became the administrative and legislative capital of Madras State which was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1968. Under the Kings, local chiefs or governors known as Nayaks ruled over each district. History of chennai Chennai and the nearby regions have contributed to the country as a great military, administrative and financial centre for centuries together. It was from Damarla Venkatadri Nayakadu domain, on 22 August 1639, the piece of land lying between the river Cooum almost at the point it enters the sea and another river known as the Egmore river was granted to East India Company after deed from Vijaynagara emperor. The English Factors at Masulipatam were satisfied with Francis Day's work. Other prominent companies in the city included Gordon Woodroffe, Best & Crompton, Higginbotham's, Hoe & Co and P. Orr & Sons. The city of Madras, started out its journey towards becoming modern day Chennai - capital of the state of Tamil Nadu, manufacturing hub of the country and hence the ‘Detroit of India’ ; as a part of the famous Vijayanagara kingdom. As a result, over time, the area came to be known as 'White Town'. Tamil Nadu, state of India, located in the extreme south of the country. A new grant was issued, copies of which are still available. Chennai boasts of a long history from the English East India Company, through the British rule to its evolution in the late 20th century as a services and manufacturing hub for India. Instead, being the gateway of trade and the centre of the economy of the region, the English settlement and their fort of 1639–40, which was the basis for the presently named city of Chennai, was likely called Madras as well by the rest of India. Although the original inhabitants of Madras and responsible for its growth into the modern metropolis of today, the British and European nationals are virtually non-existent. In the latter half of the 18th century, Madras became an important British naval base, and the administrative centre of the growing British dominions in southern India. This new grant is important regarding the legal and civic development of the English settlement. Although most of the original Portuguese, Dutch, and British population had been killed during genocides during the Golkonda period, under Moghul protection, large numbers of British and Anglo-American settlers arrived to replenish these losses. In the same year, former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated in Sriperumbudur, a small town close to Chennai, whilst campaigning in Tamil Nadu, by Thenmuli Rajaratnam A.K.A. [50] They began construction of the Fort St George on 23 April 1640 and houses for their residence. More than 2000 years ago, its residents engaged with Chinese, Greek, Phoenician, Roman and Babylonian traders. By 1612, the Dutch established themselves in Pulicat to the north. Currently, the nomenclature of the area is in a state of controversy. The region then passed into the hands of the Dutch, who established themselves near Pulicat just north of the city in 1612. 22 History Research jobs available in Chennai, Tamil Nadu on Indeed.co.in. By the end of 1783, the great 18th century wars which saw the British and French battle from Europe to North America and from the Mediterranean to India, resulted in the British being in complete control of the city's regional and most of South India area. History of Chennai, Tamil Nadu Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is India`s fourth largest city. The Pallavas who had so far been merely viceroys, then became independent rulers of Kanchipuram and its surrounding areas. [1] It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. As the East India Company controlled the trade in the area, these non-British merchants established agreements with the Company for settling on Company land near "White Town" per agreements with the Nayak. Known as the ‘Gateway to South India,’ Chennai is a major administrative and cultural center. Damarla Venkatadri Nayakudu, the local governor of the Vijayanagar Empire and Nayaka of Wandiwash (Vandavasi), ruled the coastal part of the region, from Pulicat to the Portuguese settlement of San Thome. mixed Anglo Indian descendants of the original English settlers, a smaller but still extant British and European community, as well as migrant Malayalee communities in the city. Controversially, in an attempt to revise history and justify renaming the city as Chennai, the ruling party has purged the history of the early English Madras settlements. The capital of the province was Kancheepuram. The medieval period of the history of the Tamil country saw the rise and fall of many kingdoms, some of whom went on to the extent of empires, exerting influences both in India and overseas. The Pandyas under Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan rose to power and the region was brought under the Pandya rule by putting an end to Chola supremacy in 1264. Over time and administrative reforms, the area was finally fully incorporated into the new metropolitan charter of Madras. Thus it is improbable that the area was ever called Chennai. The city has changed its boundaries as well as the geographic limits of its quarters several times, principally as a result of raids by surrounding Hindu and Muslim powers. The Chennai area has always attracted seafarers, spice traders and cloth merchants. The History of Tamil Nadu dates back to 6000 years. NATION'S EXISTENCE A hundred years ago, we don't have a recognized nation called India, it was all federation of various kingdoms, dynasties that defined and collectively called as region of hindustan, at some places as India. But this time it was by the French under General La Bourdonnais, who used to be the Governor of Mauritius. Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is India`s fourth largest city. Assistant Manager, Project Coordinator, Sales Representative and more! Chennai is the automobile capital of India, with around forty percent of the automobile industry having a base there and with a major portion of the nation's vehicles being produced there. The British also fought four wars with the Kingdom of Mysore under Hyder Ali and later his son Tipu Sultan, which led to their eventual domination of India's south. Most of these were recruited as cheap labor from the relatively poor Telugu nationality, which in turn enraged the Tamil nationals who were originally the working and middle class settlers of Madras in the late 18th century. [14], Chennai's earlier name of Madras is similarly mired in controversy. Friends, Family, Historical Places 1 out of 10 best historical places places to visit in Chennai. You can get more informations about Sidhdhargal, through this app. Chennai is an Indian city in the south of the country. 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